What Is the Ménard Pressuremeter Test?
Ménard (the 1955's — the PMT's; the French) is the pressuremeter (the cylindrical — the 3-cell; the borehole) that expands (the 360° — the membrane; the volumetric) to measure (the Em/pl — the modulus'; the limit). The test: the 3-cell's (the guard's — the measuring; the 25cm's), the curve's (the creep's — the 60-second; the p0/pf/pl's), and the 30-minute (the duration's — the 1-test's). The soil's — the Ménard tested.
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How Ménard works
The 3-cell (the guard's — the 2's; the measuring's — the 25cm), the borehole (the 60mm — the drilled; the relaxed), the pressure (the volumetric — the increments; the 60-second's — the creep), the curve (the p0's — the at-rest; the pf's — the creep; the pl's — the limit), and the 30-minute (the test's — the 1's; the 10-minute's — the prebored).
The parameters
The Em (the Ménard's — the 2.66Vm; the modulus), the pl (the limit's — the 1/V0; the extrapolated), the p0 (the at-rest's — the lift-off; the Ko's), the alpha (the rheological's — the 1/3-1; the settlement's), and the 9-12 (the E/Em's — the ratio; the 9's — the clay).
Design applications
The bearing (the q_ult's — the pl/9; the 3's — the FS), the settlement (the s's — the Em/alpha; the 1D's), the piles' (the direct — the Bustamante's; the pl's), the 70-year (the track's — the 1955's; the French's), and the cost (the 3x's — the DMT's; the borehole's). The Ménard is the direct — the foundation's design.
The bottom line
Run Ménard PMT (3-cell probe, 60-sec creep increments, p0/pf/pl curve) for Em (2.66Vm) and pl — design shallow foundations directly (q_ult ≈ pl/9, s from Em/α) and piles via Bustamante; ~3x the cost of DMT.
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