What Is Pressuremeter Modulus EM?
EM (the Ménard's — the 1955; the cavity) is the pressuremeter's (the modulus — the expansion; the (1+ν)*V*dP/dV) derived from (the dP/dV's — the linear; the 2:1). The modulus: the (1+ν)*V*dP/dV's (the 1.33's — the 2:1's), the 2:1's (the V's — the 1+ΔV/V's; the linear's), the pLM's (the limit's — the 2x's; the EM's), and the 5-500 MPa's (the range's — the 10's — the soils; the 100's — the rocks). The ground's — the cavity expanded.
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How EM is derived
The (1+ν)*V*dP/dV (the 1.33's — the 2:1's; the 1955's — the Ménard's), the 2:1 (the V's — the linear's; the 1+ΔV/V's), the ν (the 0.33's — the 0.25's; the 0.5's — the 0.33's), the 1.33 (the 1+ν's — the 2:1's; the (1+ν)'s), and the 1955 (the Ménard's — the 70-year's; the 50's — the countries).
The pLM's ratio
The 2x (the pLM's — the EM's; the limit's), the EM/pLM (the 8-15's — the soils'; the 6-12's — the clays'), the 12-20 (the sands' — the EM/pLM's; the 8-15's — the soils'), the 70-year (the track's — the 1955's; the validated), and the 5-500 MPa (the range's — the 10's; the 100's).
Foundation use
The q (the pLM/3's — the bearing's; the Ménard's), the s (the EM's — the 25mm's; the 1-inch's), the 3 (the FS's — the pLM's; the bearing's), the 1955 (the 70-year's — the Ménard's; the validated), and the 2:1 (the 1.33's — the (1+ν)'s; the linear's). The EM's — the bearing's modulus; the pLM's — the 3x.
The bottom line
Compute EM = (1+ν)·V·dP/dV (Ménard 1955, 70-year validated) — use EM/pLM 8-15 (soils) for classification, q = pLM/3 for bearing, and EM for settlement <25 mm; EM ranges 5-500 MPa.
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